Test-Time Self-Evolving GUI Visual Grounding via Reflection-Guided On-Policy Self-Distillation

GUI Visual Grounding is a fundamental capability for GUI agents. Existing models typically freeze their parameters after deployment, limiting their ability to adapt to unseen interfaces. Although recent methods attempt to adapt models via test-time reinforcement learning, they cannot reflect upon failed exploration. To overcome this, we propose a Test-Time Self-Evolving framework that enables models to improve after deployment without human-annotated ground truth. It constructs a closed-loop of

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ethics.ai (11 August 2026), “Test-Time Self-Evolving GUI Visual Grounding via Reflection-Guided On-Policy Self-Distillation,” evidence record 18650, https://ethics.ai/record/18650 (originally published by arXiv cs.AI).

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