The Open-Box Fallacy: Why AI Deployment Needs a Calibrated Verification Regime

AI deployment in sensitive domains such as health care, credit, employment, and criminal justice is often treated as unsafe to authorize until model internals can be explained. This often leads to an excessive reliance on mechanistic interpretability to address a deployment challenge beyond its intended scope. We argue that the gate should instead be calibrated verification: authorization should be domain-scoped, independently checkable, monitored after release, accountable, contestable, and rev

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ethics.ai (11 May 2026), “The Open-Box Fallacy: Why AI Deployment Needs a Calibrated Verification Regime,” evidence record 4552, https://ethics.ai/record/4552 (originally published by arXiv).

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