Jobs & economy

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has significantly changed human work. Increasingly, organizations are promoting the integration of AI into employees' work processes. While existing research has explored AI applications in the workplace, relatively little attention has been devoted to understanding how organizational AI adoption influences employees' motivational reactions and the subsequent impacts. Drawing on approach-avoidance motivational theory, this research explores t

The severe shortage of donor organs and limitations of current disease models highlight the urgent need for transformative strategies in tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM). Bioprinting has emerged as a powerful approach for creating functional tissues and organs, yet current workflows remain labor-intensive, variable, and challenging to scale. The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI), advanced bioprinting technologies, robotics, biosensing, and cutting-edge biological

This study examines how SMEs adopt AI using a qualitative design informed by Socio-Technical Systems Theory. The findings indicate that AI adoption is shaped by the interaction of technical constraints, organizational routines, and external pressures such as client expectations and policy uncertainty. Leadership engagement, data infrastructure, and workforce dynamics play a central role in influencing implementation progress. The study provides practical guidance for supporting more context-sens

Abstract Mental health disorders are becoming a major global health concern and pose a significant burden on global healthcare systems. Nearly one billion people suffer from mental disorders, accounting for 13% of the global disease burden and $1 trillion in annual productivity loss. Depression is the leading cause of disability and suicide is the second leading cause of death among young individuals. Economic uncertainty, social isolation, climate change, shifting societal norms, political conf

Healthcare systems worldwide face growing challenges, including rising costs, workforce shortages, and disparities in access and quality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool capable of addressing these issues by enhancing diagnostics, treatment planning, patient monitoring, and healthcare efficiency. AI's role in modern medicine spans disease detection, personalized care, drug discovery, predictive analytics, telemed

Abstract As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and public administration, automation bias (AB)—the tendency to over-rely on automated recommendations—has emerged as a critical challenge in human–AI collaboration. While previous reviews have examined AB in traditional computer-assisted decision-making, research on its implications in modern AI-driven work environments remains limited. To address this gap, this research system

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to summarize the usage of large language models (LLMs) in the process of creating a scientific review by looking at the methodological papers that describe the use of LLMs in review automation and the review papers that mention they were made with the support of LLMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search was conducted in June 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, Dimensions, and Google Scholar by human reviewers. Screening and extraction process took place in Covidence with the help o

Digital Twin (DT) technology has emerged as a transformative tool in various sectors, like agriculture, due to its potential to improve productivity, sustainability, and decision making processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the applications, challenges, and future directions of DT technology in agriculture. We explore the key concepts and architecture of DTs, focusing on the layering and classification of DT systems. The review delves into the various applications of DTs, such

Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a transformative technology impacting various sectors of society and the economy. Understanding the factors influencing AI adoption is critical for both research and practice. This study focuses on two key objectives: (1) validating an extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of AI by integrating the Big Five personality traits and AI mindset, and (2) conducting an exploratory k-prototype analysis to classify AI adopter

The aim of this position paper is to identify a specific focus and the major challenges related to the human-centered artificial intelligence (HCAI) approach in the field of Industry 5.0 and the circular economy. A first step towards the opening of a line of research is necessary to aggregate multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary skills to promote and take into consideration the different aspects related to this topic, from the more technical and engineering aspects to the social ones and the

Abstract English is one of the most used languages for jobs, markets, tourism, discourse and international connectivity. However, English learners face many challenges in gaining English language skills. Extant studies show that AI has affordances to support in English language teaching and learning ELT/L. This study answers the call to examine specific challenges and affordances for using AI in ELT/L. A systematic review method was used with PRISMA principles to identify 42 studies. Findings re

The healthcare sector is faced with challenges due to a shrinking healthcare workforce and a rise in chronic diseases that are worsening with demographic and epidemiological shifts. Digital health interventions that include artificial intelligence (AI) are being identified as some of the potential solutions to these challenges. The ultimate aim of these AI systems is to improve the patient's health outcomes and satisfaction, the overall population's health, and the well-being of healthcare profe

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly become an integral part of decision-making processes across various industries, revolutionizing the way choices are made. This Review delves into the ethical considerations associated with the use of AI in decision-making, exploring the implications of algorithms, automation, and machine learning. The incorporation of AI in decision-making introduces a myriad of ethical concerns that demand careful scrutiny. The opacity of algorithms raises questions abou

Abstract Sustainable Development Goal 8 proposes the promotion of full and productive employment for all. Intelligent production factors, such as robots, the Internet of Things, and extensive data analysis, are reshaping the dynamics of labour supply and demand. In China, which is a developing country with a large population and labour force, analysing the impact of artificial intelligence technology on the labour market is of particular importance. Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China

The significant advancements in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to healthcare decision-making, medical diagnosis, and other domains have simultaneously raised concerns about the fairness and bias of AI systems. This is particularly critical in areas like healthcare, employment, criminal justice, credit scoring, and increasingly, in generative AI models (GenAI) that produce synthetic media. Such systems can lead to unfair outcomes and perpetuate existing inequalities, including generative b

Abstract The current development in deep learning is witnessing an exponential transition into automation applications. This automation transition can provide a promising framework for higher performance and lower complexity. This ongoing transition undergoes several rapid changes, resulting in the processing of the data by several studies, while it may lead to time-consuming and costly models. Thus, to address these challenges, several studies have been conducted to investigate deep learning te

Summary The rising use of artificially intelligent (AI) technologies, including generative AI tools, in organizations is undeniable. As these systems become increasingly integrated into organizational practices and processes, understanding their impact on workers' experiences and job designs is critical. However, the ongoing discourse surrounding AI use in the workplace remains divided. Proponents of the technology extol its benefits for enhancing efficiency and productivity, while others voice

Abstract ChatGPT and its variants that use generative artificial intelligence (AI) models have rapidly become a focal point in academic and media discussions about their potential benefits and drawbacks across various sectors of the economy, democracy, society, and environment. It remains unclear whether these technologies result in job displacement or creation, or if they merely shift human labour by generating new, potentially trivial or practically irrelevant, information and decisions. Accor

We investigate the potential implications of large language models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs), on the U.S. labor market, focusing on the increased capabilities arising from LLM-powered software compared to LLMs on their own. Using a new rubric, we assess occupations based on their alignment with LLM capabilities, integrating both human expertise and GPT-4 classifications. Our findings reveal that around 80% of the U.S. workforce could have at least 10% of their wo

Abstract The use of transformer‐based language models in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased adoption in various industries and led to significant productivity advancements in business operations. This article explores how these models can be used to augment human innovation teams in the new product development process, allowing for larger problem and solution spaces to be explored and ultimately leading to higher innovation performance. The article proposes the use of the AI‐augmented do

Aim/Purpose: This paper examines the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on professional skills in organizations and explores strategies to address the resulting challenges. Background: The rapid integration of AI across various sectors is automating tasks and reducing cognitive workload, leading to increased productivity but also raising concerns about job displacement. Successfully adapting to this transformation requires organizations to implement new working models and deve

Smart manufacturing is being shaped nowadays by two different paradigms: Industry 4.0 proclaims transition to digitalization and automation of processes while emerging Industry 5.0 emphasizes human centricity. This turn can be explained by unprecedented challenges being faced recently by societies, such as, global climate change, pandemics, hybrid and conventional warfare, refugee crises. Sustainable and resilient processes require humans to get back into the loop of organizational decision-maki

BACKGROUND: As the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence age; expectations, responsibilities, and job definitions need to be redefined for those who provide services in healthcare. This study examined the perceptions of future physicians on the possible influences of artificial intelligence on medicine, and to determine the needs that might be helpful for curriculum restructuring. METHODS: A cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted among medical st

This article reviews the industry 4.0 (I4.0) and circular economy (CE) literature from a global value chain (GVC) perspective. More specifically, it (1) summarizes the empirical findings on the applications of I4.0 and CE practices; (2) explores the previous literature and identifies several future research directions to advance the existing literature. In this respect, the interface between I4.0 and CE research is a relatively young field of inquiry that has been little concerned with developme

Artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly changed and will continue to change our lives. AI is being applied in more and more fields and scenarios such as autonomous driving, medical care, media, finance, industrial robots, and internet services. The widespread application of AI and its deep integration with the economy and society have improved efficiency and produced benefits. At the same time, it will inevitably impact the existing social order and raise ethical concerns. Ethical issues, su

Recommender systems are an essential tool to relieve the information overload challenge and play an important role in people’s daily lives. Since recommendations involve allocations of social resources (e.g., job recommendation), an important issue is whether recommendations are fair. Unfair recommendations are not only unethical but also harm the long-term interests of the recommender system itself. As a result, fairness issues in recommender systems have recently attracted increasing attention

Intelligent Automation (IA) in automobiles combines robotic process automation and artificial intelligence, allowing digital transformation in autonomous vehicles. IA can completely replace humans with automation with better safety and intelligent movement of vehicles. This work surveys those recent methodologies and their comparative analysis, which use artificial intelligence, machine learning, and IoT in autonomous vehicles. With the shift from manual to automation, there is a need to underst

Abstract Creativity has been identified as the future of marketing; at the same time, artificial intelligence (AI) is enabling more automation in this field. The theories and frameworks in the literature have not yet sufficiently explained the impact of AI on creativity in marketing. Hence, this research aims to advance theories on creativity in marketing and AI by conducting a comprehensive review of the literature. Our review covers 156 papers published between 1990 and 2021, compiled on the b

Abstract Digital technologies (DTs), such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, or blockchain, are considered as enablers for a more sustainable and circular economy. So far, literature on these topics has mostly focused on specific DTs and subareas of sustainable product management (SPM). The aim of this paper is to provide a more comprehensive overview of current and potential examples of DT applications in SPM (e.g., product design/assessment, supply chain management,

The UN's sustainable development goals underscore engaging supply-chain stakeholders with environmentally friendly practices. Small- and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) are key participants in several supply chains, but their operations often produce a significant environmental impact. Their transition to sustainable practices is challenging because they operate with constrained resources, which are mostly invested in pressing activities. Therefore, evidence is needed that shows the benefits of i

Abstract An organisation's sustainability performance is influenced by its capabilities (skills, resources and competences) which in turn affects the performance of its entire supply chain. However, recent research has not sufficiently explored the convergence of dynamic capabilities, circular economy, resilience and Industry 4.0 concepts for manufacturing supply chains. Therefore, this study aims to identify how dynamic capabilities theory can enable circular and resilient supply chains. A qual

The evolution of organizational processes and performance over the past decade has been largely enabled by cutting-edge technologies such as data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and business intelligence applications. The increasing use of cutting-edge technologies has boosted effectiveness, efficiency and productivity, as existing and new knowledge within an organization continues to improve AI abilities. Consequently, AI can identify redundancies within business processes and offer op

Abstract Research on sustainable development is significantly influenced by the trade‐off between the economic, social and environmental performance of businesses. Industry 4.0 development is a key business priority due to the promise of exponential increase in productivity, time efficiencies and cost reduction. However, Industry 4.0 development has been slow. Notably, human actors remain central to Industry 4.0, while the social responsibility component of sustainable development is a key prero

Cybercrime is estimated to have cost the global economy just under USD 1 trillion in 2020, indicating an increase of more than 50% since 2018. With the average cyber insurance claim rising from USD 145,000 in 2019 to USD 359,000 in 2020, there is a growing necessity for better cyber information sources, standardised databases, mandatory reporting and public awareness. This research analyses the extant academic and industry literature on cybersecurity and cyber risk management with a particular f

Abstract Companies increasingly deploy artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in their personnel recruiting and selection process to streamline it, making it faster and more efficient. AI applications can be found in various stages of recruiting, such as writing job ads, screening of applicant resumes, and analyzing video interviews via face recognition software. As these new technologies significantly impact people’s lives and careers but often trigger ethical concerns, the ethicality of the

The integration of sustainability in the circular economy is an emerging paradigm that can offer a long term vision to achieve environmental and social sustainability targets in line with the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. Developing scalable and sustainable impacts in circular economy business models (CEBMs) has many challenges. While many advanced technology manufacturing firms start as small enterprises, remarkably little is known about how material reuse firms in sociotechnic

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are changing our world through their impact on sectors including health care, education, employment, finance, and law. AI systems are developed using data that reflect the implicit and explicit biases of society, and there are significant concerns about how the predictive models in AI systems amplify inequity, privilege, and power in society. The widespread applications of AI have led to mainstream discourse about how AI systems are perpetuating