Cultural Targets, Structural Frames, Binding Morals: A Cross-Lingual Audit of Online Hate in Multicultural Singapore
Multicultural Singapore hosts overlapping language publics (English, Chinese, and Malay) that discuss the same out-groups in parallel, a natural setting to ask whether online hate shares a structure across languages and whether what a community $\textit{produces}$ is what it $\textit{amplifies}$. From a Singapore-centric 2025 Facebook, Reddit, and YouTube corpus (31.0M items; 1.76M comments mentioning eleven identity groups), we benchmark eight open large language models as hate annotators again
Record details
Published: 20 June 2026
Source: arXiv
Category: Research
Topics: Transparency
Retrieved: 14 July 2026
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How to cite this record
ethics.ai (20 June 2026), “Cultural Targets, Structural Frames, Binding Morals: A Cross-Lingual Audit of Online Hate in Multicultural Singapore,” evidence record 748, https://ethics.ai/record/748 (originally published by arXiv).
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