First, Do No Harm (With LLMs): Mitigating Racial Bias via Agentic Workflows

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in clinical settings, raising concerns about racial bias in both generated medical text and clinical reasoning. Existing studies have identified bias in medical LLMs, but many focus on single models and give less attention to mitigation. This study uses the EU AI Act as a governance lens to evaluate five widely used LLMs across two tasks, namely synthetic patient-case generation and differential diagnosis ranking. Using race-stratified epidemiol

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ethics.ai (20 April 2026), “First, Do No Harm (With LLMs): Mitigating Racial Bias via Agentic Workflows,” evidence record 5616, https://ethics.ai/record/5616 (originally published by arXiv).

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