Conditional Optimal Bridge for Riemannian Activation Steering

Activation steering offers a lightweight alternative to fine-tuning for controlling large language models at inference time. While many existing methods implicitly optimize a log-density-ratio objective between desired and undesired activation distributions, they do so heuristically rather than deriving it from a principled optimization problem. Moreover, these methods produce query-independent steering directions that can degrade performance on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution (OOD)

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ethics.ai (12 July 2026), “Conditional Optimal Bridge for Riemannian Activation Steering,” evidence record 40, https://ethics.ai/record/40 (originally published by arXiv).

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