Evidence record 16170 · automatically gathered

Decoy Images Amplify Caption-Mediated Defenses Against Encoded Jailbreaks

We report a counter-intuitive interaction between image inputs and existing black-box defenses on Vision--Language Models (VLMs): pairing an encoded jailbreak prompt with an unrelated decoy image can sharply lower attack success rate (ASR). The operative change is in the defense pipeline, not in the image. Across five frontier VLMs, two encoded-attack families, and three black-box defenses, a caption-mediated defense (ECSO) that leaves ASR essentially unchanged on text-only encoded input drops i

Record details

Published: 2 August 2026
Source: arXiv red teaming query
Category: Research
Topics: Safety & alignment · Military & security
Retrieved: 4 August 2026

source-onlyevidence status

These records share source-supplied organisations, an exact publisher byline, automatic topics or regions. The reason is shown on every link; related does not mean supporting, agreeing with or verifying this record.

How to cite this record

ethics.ai (2 August 2026), “Decoy Images Amplify Caption-Mediated Defenses Against Encoded Jailbreaks,” evidence record 16170, https://ethics.ai/record/16170 (originally published by arXiv red teaming query).

JSON

Use and limitations

This page is a stable index and citation surface for a source record. ethics.ai did not author the underlying report and has not independently verified every claim. Automatic topics may be imperfect. For consequential use, quote and cite the original publisher.