Characterizing In-the-Wild Personal Listening Device Use to Inform Earable Application Design

Ear-worn devices are evolving from audio-playback tools into sensing platforms for health, interaction, and context-awareness. Yet, earable systems are typically designed and evaluated under strong assumptions about how long, how often, and in which situations people actually wear personal listening devices (PLDs). To ground these assumptions in-the-wild behavior, we combine a survey of 330 adults with multi-year, passively logged headphone audio-exposure records donated via Apple Health by 90 o

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ethics.ai (27 July 2026), “Characterizing In-the-Wild Personal Listening Device Use to Inform Earable Application Design,” evidence record 14455, https://ethics.ai/record/14455 (originally published by arXiv cs.HC).

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