AI Healthcare Chatbots as Information Infrastructure: A Large-Scale Study of User-Reported Breakdowns

AI healthcare chatbots are increasingly used to support health information seeking and self-management, yet their performance and impact on users remains to be studied. This study examines over 15,000 user reviews from 59 AI healthcare chatbot apps to explore how these systems function in everyday informational and emotional contexts. Topic modeling and interpretive analysis identify three recurring breakdowns: access barriers and service unreliability, user experience and interaction quality, a

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ethics.ai (25 June 2026), “AI Healthcare Chatbots as Information Infrastructure: A Large-Scale Study of User-Reported Breakdowns,” evidence record 10204, https://ethics.ai/record/10204 (originally published by arXiv cs.HC).

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