AI ethics on Sunday, 4 January 2026

This study introduces the Islamic Ḥiwār Framework (IHF), a multi-layered, KPI-based architecture developed to operationalize intra-faith dialogue within Islamic contexts by translating theological, ethical, and institutional principles into measurable performance indicators. Drawing from Islamic epistemology, dialogical ethics, and governance structures, the IHF addresses the need for a strategic, accountable, and scalable model for religious rapprochement. A mixed-methods approach was employed,

ABSTRACT Background Despite growing attention to English education in Bangladesh, conventional classroom instruction often fails to meet learners' diverse needs or ensure effective language development. Informal digital learning of English (IDLE) has emerged as a promising avenue for fostering learners' affective experience and enhancing proficiency beyond formal classroom settings. Nevertheless, empirical evidence on how Bangladeshi learners participate in and experience self‐directed language

Financial management is the most critical aspect regarding the determination of the success or failure of the public sector within the Republic of South Africa. However, currently, there are several challenges that militate against effective as well as efficient financial management within the public sector. Traditional financial management techniques remain a major obstacle to effective and efficient service delivery in South Africa’s public sector. Legacy systems and fragmented fiscal processe

Wearable sensors are transforming real-time, non-invasive health monitoring. Despite considerable advances in electrochemical and optical sensing modalities, challenges remain in achieving reliable, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of sweat metabolites due to the variable chemical composition of sweat and difficulties in device integration. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) offers an attractive alternative for wearable sensing due to its high sensitivity and ease of integration without compl

This study introduces the Ecumenical Christian KPI Framework (ECKF) as a strategic model for transforming theological aspirations of Christian unity into a measurable, performance-driven system. The research addresses the central challenge of operationalizing ecumenism by constructing a comprehensive framework comprising 12 strategic axes and 110 validated Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates expert Delphi analysis, document evaluation of in

Bacteriophage therapy, which employs bacterial viruses to selectively eliminate pathogenic bacteria, has re-emerged as a promising strategy in the face of increasing antimicrobial resistance. However, its widespread clinical implementation is constrained by concerns regarding safety, standardisation, and predictable efficacy. In this review, we examine the key role of genomics in transforming phage therapy from an empirical practice into a standardised and personalised modality of contemporary m